John Dray

A reflective person sitting between two chairs in a warm, quiet room, suggesting a pause between connection and self-protection.

When the Part That Pleases Meets the Part That Pushes Back

Have you ever agreed to something you did not want to do, then found yourself angry, avoidant, or determined not to follow through? Or perhaps you have wanted closeness but become distant as soon as another person seems to expect something from you. These shifts can...

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From Protecting Yourself to Feeling More Free

Some people move through relationships with an exhausting sense that they must either fit in or fight. They may please others until they feel invisible, then pull away or push back once the pressure becomes too much. There can be little room for a simpler experience:...

A thoughtful anthropomorphic mouse in a warmly lit therapy room, holding a notebook beside a small piece of cheese.

Petruska Clarkson was a Mouse!

Petruska Clarkson’s account of the therapeutic relationship is serious, useful and far more nuanced than this poem has any right to be. Her five relationship modalities offer a way of noticing the different kinds of connection that can arise in therapy: the shared...

A soft watercolour image of two people in quiet conversation in a calm room.

Seemingly Insignificant Minor Interactions

Some of the most important moments in therapy do not look important at first. A slight pause before answering. A change of tone. A joke that arrives just as something painful is becoming visible. A glance away. A small apology. A moment of warmth that is quickly...

A reflective person sitting beside an open doorway in a calm room, with a thoughtful and self-protective posture.

The Rebellious Adaptive Child: When Saying No Has Kept You Safe

Many people know the feeling of becoming suddenly resistant when someone tells them what to do. A request that seems ordinary can produce irritation, a wish to argue, an urge to leave, or a firm internal “no”. Afterwards, they may wonder why they reacted so strongly....

A calm watercolour illustration of a person sitting quietly, hands folded inward, with muted warm tones suggesting reflection and sadness.

Why Am I So Hard on Myself?

There is a particular kind of pain in being criticised by your own mind before anyone else has spoken. You make a small mistake at work, and the thought arrives almost instantly: “Idiot. You keep getting it wrong.” You forget to reply to a message and think, “You’re...

A calm watercolour illustration of a person standing at a crossroads of softly suggested paths, with warm muted tones and a thoughtful mood.

Why Therapy Is More Than Finding the Right Label

Many people come to therapy with a question that looks something like this: “What is wrong with me?” Often underneath that question is a hope that there will be a name for what they are experiencing, and that the name will make everything make sense. Sometimes that...

A calm watercolour-style image of a small therapy group seated in a circle with subtle lines suggesting movement in the group field.

Kurt Lewin, Group Dynamics and the Inner World of Trauma

Kurt Lewin and Donald Kalsched offer psychotherapists two very different ways of thinking about groups. Lewin helps us see the group as a dynamic field of forces, roles, norms, pressures and possibilities. Kalsched helps us see the inner world of trauma: the...

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